NR449 Evidence Based Practice Essays - Human Behavior, Behavior

NR449 Evidence Based Practice Gregory Deloache A. Clinical Question Whenever there are many different people working together, different attitudes and personalities can make for an interesting, and sometimes, conflict filled work environment. Being civil is one of life's easy tasks, however, incivility in the nursing environment has been recognized as a growing problem. According to the ANA, incivility is one or more rude, discourteous, or disrespectful actions that may or may not have a negative intent behind them. (ANA, 2016) This growing problem not only affects the patients whom the nurses care for, but also the nurses themselves. Nurses that experience incivility in the workplace statistically may experience higher stress and anxiety, act out those behaviors towards others, and shut down the communication necessary to provide effective care. The Joint Commission acknowledges that unresolved conflict and disruptive behavi or can adversely affect safety and quality of care . (The Joint Commission, 2008) The purpose of this paper is to bring awareness to nursing incivility in the workplace and to change these behaviors so that patient care can be optimal. (P): nurses experiencing incivility in the workplace. (I): increase education and sensitivity training. (C): have harsher punishments for incivility. (O): less incivility and bullying in the workplace amongst health care professionals. B. Levels of Evidence Incivility is defined as rude or impolite attitude or behavior by Webster's online dictionary. (Webster's, 2016) It has been recorded that new nurses quit within the first six months of working due to incivility and bullying by other nurses. This is a problem that can be, I believe, resolved or decreased by giving the healthcare professionals strategies for stress reduction, sensitivity counseling through workshops, and to work harder towards identifying and eliminating such behaviors. The purpose of this paper is to interpret the quantitative and qualitative articles identified to see whether they are or are not important to our group topic. The paper will compare and contrast the main components of the matrix table. C. Search Strategy While conducting research for this topic, correct terminology is important. Some search terms I used were "incivility", "qualitative", and "workplace bullying". These helped to narrow down my search from articles relating to this topic. The search engines I used were E BSCO and google scholar. The two articles I chose were " The nursing incivility scale: Development and validation of an occupation-specific measure " by AM Guidroz and JL Burnfield-Geimer and " Incivility and bullying in the workplace and nurses' shame responses " by DM Felblinger . I chose t hese two articles because they are credible and relevant to the PICOT question. Because these articles were written by medical professionals they are found to be reliable sources. They were also deemed credible, too, because statistics relating to nursing incivility were stated throughout. References to the ANA and The Joint Commission showed that intensive research was complete d when writing these two articles. I believe that these articles will be useful for this topic now and for any additional information needed in the future. D. Conclusion No one wants to work in a place where they feel uncomfortable or feel like they are being bullied. Being uncivil at work not only hinders necessary communication amongst nurses and staff, but also hinders adequate patient care. It is important to put aside any animosity for fellow co-workers so that quality care to the patients is provided. At the end of the day, we are there to care for and heal the patient. The more knowledge we can gain through increased education , the better we can prevent this from occurring. References: ANA. 2016. Incivility, Bu llying, and Workplace Violence. http://www.nursingworld.org/Bullying-Workplace-Violence Merriam-Webster. 2016. Incivility. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/incivility The Joint Commission Sentinel Event Alert. (20 08). Behaviors that undermine a culture of safety; Issue 40. www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/18/SEA_40.pdf QRCA. 2016. What is Qualitative Research? http://www.qrca.org/?page=whatisqualresearch

Breaking Point of a Soul

Breaking Point of a Soul The Nazi death camps of World War II produced some of the most horrific atrocities ever recorded. History has seen many accounts particularly from the perspective of holocaust victims. However, not much attention has been paid to the emotional effects suffered by the individuals who worked in these death camps. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Breaking Point of a Soul specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These individuals were not guards of SS troopers but rather individuals considered too impure to be part of the German society. Their impurity however was not of the extent that could warranty their execution upon arrival. These people were referred to as â€Å"Canadas† and it was their job to clean up after the executions and herd those considered sub-human to gas chamber commonly referred to as â€Å"the Canada†. Tadeuzs Borowskis short story This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen, is an account of a young man forced to work in the camps as a Canada. While not directly responsible for the gassing of Jews himself, this young man definitely participated in the atrocities by helping the Nazis carry out mass murder. History is full examples of such circumstances where young men are forced to commit crimes failure to which they are either killed or bodily harm was inflicted on them. Individuals in such situations were forced to lose connection with their emotional side by ignoring humane attitudes directed towards the individuals being executed. To stand witness to acts demeaning human life inevitably resulted in the individuals losing all compassion for their victims. To some extent, there is a possibility that these ‘handy men’ ended up hating those being exterminated. This lose of emotion got to a point where the persons involved were in a position of turning against fellow men and start viewing them as animal at the snap of a finger. Those individuals who were cons tantly around killing fields had to develop adaptive measures to enable them cope with situation; this in current times is seen presented from the viewpoint of the soldiers’ involvement in the battlefields. They are constantly witnessing their comrades getting killed and maimed right in front of their eyes and hate begins to boil in their hearts directed at the individuals who inflicts these injuries. With time, their emotional tolerance towards fellow human greatly reduces such that they find it relatively easy to kill a person they consider an enemy. It gets to a point where their sole objective is to merely survive irrespective of the means used to obtain this survival. Such was the case with the young canada in Borowskis story. The tolerance in this particular case develops as a result of the conditions in which he lives in as well as the rules that he is expected to follow. His task is to remove all the clothing and valuables from the Jewish prisoners and this has been clearly described in the essay. â€Å"Whoever takes gold, or anything at all besides food, will be shot for stealing Reich -property†.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to stay alive they must take the food from those condemned to death since the latter are allowed a few necessities required for survival. The Canadas are however forbidden from taking even the smallest article of clothing from the prisoners, as much as these could improve their living conditions and make their lives more bearable (Borowski 342). Lack of basic essentials like shoes subjected the Canadas to painful moments that further served to enhance their resentment towards their victims. For example, the Canada’s feet developed painful sores and this further intensified their hatred to the Jews. The argument by the Canadas was that it was the Jews fault that they lacked shoes. Aside fro m physical pain, the Canadas underwent extensive emotional pain. The Canada in Borowski’s story, had to develop ways of copping with shock occasioned by seeing hundreds of dead bloated babies on a daily basis. As Borowski describes the scene, â€Å"Naked little monsters with enormous heads and bloated bellies† (344). The sight of these dead bodies must have prompted him to develop a lot of hatred and anger. This kind of anger has to be re-channeled in order for the individuals to maintain some level of sanity. Since it would have been imminent suicide to try and direct the anger towards Germans, that Canada instead chose to direct it towards Jewish prisoners. The Canada begins to question if he still is a good person after removing the babies in this statement to his friend, â€Å"Henri, are we good people? I am furious, simply furious with these people, furious because I must be here because of them. I feel n o pity. I am not sorry theyre going to the gas chamber. D amn them all!†(Borowski 345). This anger, a direct result of witnessing the horrors around him, is directly attributed to his dislike for manual labor and his anger is particularly directed towards the Jews because in his eyes, it is they that get him out of bed to go and work. In reality, this anger is the direct consequence result of having to experience emotion-numbing ordeals. The kind of emotional trauma experienced by this Canada demanded that for him to survive and still maintain some degree of mental control, he had to look at prisoners as non-humans and treat them as such. This became evident when the Canada was interacting with a certain Jewish prisoner, â€Å"I look at her without saying a word. Here, standing before me, is a girl, a girl with enchanting hair with beautiful breasts, wearing a little cotton blouse† (Borowski 348). The Canada was in this particular instance staring at a stunningly beautiful girl but his emotional situation did not permit him to regard her as human. Instead he chose to view her as some sort of animal and treat her in the same way an astonished farmer would see one of his cows that somehow starts talking. The Canada was no longer in a position to view this girl as a human being on the mere pretext that doing so would have made her subject to humane consideration. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Breaking Point of a Soul specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Unfortunately, fate demanded action when the Canada was faced with such a situation and in his case all he could do was kill the Jews irrespective of how any feelings he had towards them. this was a reasonable response and it definitely proves that no one can witness the events at death camps and still be able to sensibly live in society without viewing other people as sub-human. When the Canada realizes that he can no longer continue working directly with the prisoners on the unloading ram p, he confides in his friend Henri of his intention to step back. It is at this instance that Henri looks at him puzzled and asks him for the reasons that force him to quit after just a few trips. Henri cannot understand the Canada’s predicament since has worked the ramps for several months and has had millions of individuals pass through his watch. He has even witnessed some of his friends pass through the ramp, â€Å"The worst are the transports from around Paris, one is always bumping into friends† (Borowski 350). The response that he (Henri) gave to the friends was suggested that they (the friends) would take a bath on the other side and relax. Henri however was fully aware that they were marching to their death but could not bring himself to entertain such thoughts. All senses of emotion had been suppressed to the extent that he viewed old friends as animals on their way to a slaughter house. The atrocities of the death camps have left lasting impressions on man kind and this is more notable from individual who were forced to work in them. Both the Canada and Henri were forced to start regarding fellow humans as nothing more than animals; a consequence of having witness many people get sent to death. In order to survive without losing their minds, they had to block out all emotional feelings in the process changing how they viewed the rest of mankind. Borowski, Tadeauzs. â€Å"This Way For The Gas, Ladies And Gentlemen.† The Mercury Reader: Ideas That Matter: Readings For English 111. Boston: Pearson Custom Publishing, 2009. 336-352. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Licensing in Biotechnology Industry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Licensing in Biotechnology Industry - Assignment Example An exclusive license ensures as well as grants a licensee the assurance that the IP will not be passed to another individual or third party. The time period of an exclusive license is identified to be limited on the basis of protection period ensured in IP or can be extended with the addition of new IP in the license (Fisher and Erbisch 37-56). Periodic reports are important documents, providing information in relation to royalty payment. The reports are also identified as important considerations based on which, commercialisation of the technology developed is ascertained (Fisher and Erbisch 37-56). In license agreement of IP, there is a provision stating assurance to a licensor that a licensee is liable to conduct the agreed license in relation to IP based on accepted legal terms along with conditions mentioned in the agreement. Accordingly, the licensee is liable to reveal the licensor the progress of license within a stipulated time. Failure to do so might lead to the termination of the license (Fisher and Erbisch 37-56). Shelving of license implies to a provision based on which, a licensee might terminate the relationship or agreements made with licensor. The licensor can acquire the technology if the commercialisation of the licensed technology is jeopardised or if the diligence terms failed to be met (Fisher and Erbisch 37-56). According to the license agreement, the licensee offers the licensor with the liability or warranty provision on the commencement of the licensed technology. The provision protects the rights along with the responsibilities of licensor in relation to infringement of claim (Fisher and Erbisch 37-56). Agreement governance is a legal provision facilitating licensor to minimise legal costs that might be brought forward by licensee by taking into consideration the legal actions of specific geographical area of the licensed technology (Fisher and Erbisch 37-56). Use of names is a provision through which a

W3a2-frank lloyd wright Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

W3a2-frank lloyd wright - Assignment Example The movement was anti-industrial and pushed for social and economic reforms. Frank Lloyd also designed the building in Prairie style to promote the philosophy of organic architecture which promoted harmonization between the structure and its natural site. The Frank Wright Home was designed during the Victorian Shingle architectural period by Architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Frank Lloyd in the design of the his home, he based the plan on the Shingle architectural elements including asymmetrical floor plan, porches, irregular roof line, cross gables, eaves on several levels, and continuous wood shingles on siding and roof. He used the building as a site for experimentation by designing it multiple times to refine his ideas. The design was influenced by the nineteenth century culture whereby he drew most of the inspirational ideas. He borrowed the transcendentalists ideas of Ralph Emerson and Henry Thoreau who advocated for an honest life inspired by the nature. Wrights principles in designing the building were influenced by the Arts and crafts movement which promoted simplicity and craftsmanship in architecture. The plan and interior of the building was influenced by the household art movement which aimed at bringing art into homes (Unite d States. National Park Service) Frank Lloyd Wright designed and constructed the house for himself and his family while he was working at the Adler and Sullivan firm in Chicago. The building with two floors, Wright used it for experimentation of his architectural skills by revising its design several times. The exterior of the structure featured the Shingle architectural elements which were fashionable for the vaction homes of the wealthy East Coast families. The interior of the building liberates space with the groung floor featuring a suite of rooms arranged around. The interior structure of the

Should the middle east countries depend on the oil for their economy Essay

Should the middle east countries depend on the oil for their economy - Essay Example As the vast oil reserves were discovered, the economy or group of economies experienced significant changes in various macro-economic aspects (TÃ ©treault). From business point of view, oil is not only a fuel but also an object for trade. Many authors and academicians agreed that it a very important source of foreign exchange and contributor to economic development. Middle East’s aggregate oil reserves are accountable for approximately 66% of total oil supply in the world. Monopoly in oil industry has resulted in wealth creation at a rapid pace in majority of countries in the region. Apart from the vast reserves, another reason behind oil monopoly of Middle Eastern (ME) countries is that these countries have been a great support to the world economy during major oil and energy crisis in 1979-81 and 1985-86. However, the oil industry is also a reason of economic misery in the ME region, it has resulted in power intervention, political corruption and militarization (TÃ ©treault; Toft 7265-7274). Oil is considered as a resource of paramount importance in domestic as well as international economic and political environment from importers’ as well as exporters’ point of view. While oil is the main source of economic development and global recognition for ME countries, the ME economy does suffer from various disturbances as a cost of owning the largest reserve of the lucrative resource. It was observed during the study that the oil wealth has created national economic distortion and imbalance in power and wealth distribution. Keeping in view the disadvantages of oil as a source of economic development, the paper presents arguments against the heavy dependence of ME economy on oil as a source of economic sustenance. The primary reason behind tremendous importance of oil in the Middle East is its role in the world economy. Oil is a source of national importance not only to small developing economies but also to major developed economies such as

Assemblers And Disassembler Softwares Computer Science Essay

Assemblers And Disassembler Softwares Computer Science Essay A disassembler is a computer program that translates machine language into assembly language the inverse operation to that of an assembler . A disassembler differs from a decompiler which targets a high-level language rather than an assembly language. The output of a disassembler is often formatted for human-readability rather than suitability for input to an assembler, making it principally a reverse-engineering tool. Assembly language source code generally permits the use of constants and programmer comments . These are usually removed from the assembled machine code by the assembler . A disassembler operating on the machine code would produce disassembly lacking these constants and comments. The disassembled output becomes more difficult for a human to interpret than the original annotated source code. Some disassemblers make use of the symbolic debugging information present in object files such as ELF. The Interactive Disassemblerallow the human user to make up mnemonic symbols for values or regions of code in an interactive session: human insight applied to the disassembly process often parallels human creativity in the code writing process. Disassembly is not an exact science: On CISC platforms with variable-width instructions, or in the presence of self-modifying code, it is possible for a single program to have two or more reasonable disassemblies. Determining which instructions would actually be encountered during a run of the program reduces to the proven-unsolvable halting problem. Examples of disassemblers Any interactive debugger will include some way of viewing the disassembly of the program being debugged. Often, the same disassembly tool will be packaged as a standalone disassembler distributed along with the debugger. For example, objdump, part of GNU Binutils, is related to the interactive debugger gdb . The some ofexample of dissembler are IDA ILDASM is a tool contained in the .NET Framework SDK. It can be used to disassemble PE files containing Common Intermediate Language code. OllyDbg is a 32-bit assembler level analysing debugger PVDasm is a Free, Interactive, Multi-CPU disassembler. SIMON a test/ debugger/ animator with integrated dis-assembler for Assembler, COBOL and PL/1 Texe is a Free, 32bit disassembler and windows PE file analyzer. unPIC is a disassembler for PIC microcontrollers Interactive Disassembler Interactive Disassembler The Interactive Disassembler, more commonly known as simply IDA, is a disassembler used for reverse engineering. It supports a variety of executable formats for different processors and operating systems. It also can be used as a debugger for Windows PE, Mac OS XMach-O, and LinuxELF executables. A decompiler plugin for programs compiled with a C/C++compiler is available at extra cost. The latest full version of Ida Pro is commercial.IDA performs much automatic code analysis, using cross-references between code sections knowledge of parameters of API calls, and other information. However the nature of disassembly precludes total accuracy, and a great deal of human intervention is necessarily required. IDA has interactive functionality to aid in improving the disassembly. A typical IDA user will begin with an automatically generated disassembly listing and then convert sections from code to data and viceversa. Scripting IDC scripts make it possible to extend the operation of the disassembler. Some helpful scripts are provided, which can serve as the basis for user written scripts. Most frequently scripts are used for extra modification of the generated code. For example, external symbol tables can be loaded thereby using the function names of the original source code. There are websites devoted to IDA scripts and offer assistance for frequently arising problems. Users have created plugins that allow other common scripting languages to be used instead of, or in addition to, IDC. IdaRUB supports Ruby and IDAPython adds support for Python Supported systems/processors/compilers Operating systems x86WindowsGUI x86 Windows console x86 Linux console x86 Mac OS X ARM Windows CE Executable file formats PE (Windows) ELF (Linux, most *BSD) Mach-O (Mac OS X) Netware .exe OS/2 .exe Geos .exe Dos/Watcom LE executable (without embedded dos extender) raw binary, such as a ROM image Processors Intel 8086 family ARM, including thumb code Motorola 68xxx/h8 ZilogZ80 MOS Technology 6502 Intel i860 DEC Alpha Analog Devices ADSP218x Angstrem KR1878 Atmel AVR series DEC series PDP11 Fujitsu F2MC16L/F2MC16LX Fujitsu FR 32-bit Family Hitachi SH3/SH3B/SH4/SH4B Hitachi H8: h8300/h8300a/h8s300/h8500 Intel 196 series: 80196/80196NP Intel 51 series: 8051/80251b/80251s/80930b/80930s Intel i960 series Intel Itanium (ia64) series Java virtual machine MIPS: mipsb/mipsl/mipsr/mipsrl/r5900b/r5900l Microchip PIC: PIC12Cxx/PIC16Cxx/PIC18Cxx MSIL Mitsubishi 7700 Family: m7700/m7750 Mitsubishi m32/m32rx Mitsubishi m740 Mitsubishi m7900 Motorola DSP 5600x Family: dsp561xx/dsp5663xx/dsp566xx/dsp56k Motorola ColdFire Motorola HCS12 NEC 78K0/78K0S PA-RISC PowerPC SGS-Thomson ST20/ST20c4/ST7 SPARC Family Samsung SAM8 Siemens C166 series TMS320Cxxx series Compiler/libraries (for automatic library function recognition)[3] Borland C++ 5.x for DOS/Windows Borland C++ 3.1 Borland C Builder v4 for DOS/Windows GNU C++ for Cygwin Microsoft C Microsoft QuickC Microsoft Visual C++ Watcom C++ (16/32 bit) for DOS/OS2 ARM C v1.2 GNU C++ for Unix/common SIMON (Batch Interactive test/debug) SIMON (Batch interactive test/debug) was a proprietary test/debugging toolkit for interactively testing Batch programs designed to run on IBMs System 360/370/390 architecture. It operated in two modes, one of which was full instruction set simulator mode and provided Instruction step, conditional Program Breakpoint (Pause) and storage alteration features for Assembler, COBOL and PL/1 programs. High level language (HLL) users were also able to see and modify variables directly at a breakpoint by their symbolic names and set conditional breakpoints by data content. Many of the features were also available in partial monitor mode which relied on deliberately interrupting the program at pre-defined points or when a program check occurred.In this mode, processing was not significantly different from normal processing speed without monitoring. It additionally provided features to prevent application program errors such as Program Check, Wild branch , and Program loop. It was possible to correct many errors and interactively alter the control flow of the executing application program. This permitted more errors to be detected for each compilation which, at the time, were often scheduled batch jobs with printed output, often requiring several hours turnaround before the next test run. Operating Systems Simon could be executed on IBMMVS, MVS/XA, ESA or DOS/VSE operating systems and required IBM 3270 terminals for interaction with the application program. LIDA lida is basically a disassembler and code analysis tool. It uses the bastards libdisasm for single opcode It allows interactive control over the generated deadlisting via commands and builtin tools. features It trace execution flow of binary It work with symbolic names: interactive naming of functions, labels, commenting of code. It scan for known anti-debugging, anti-disassembling techniques It scan for user defined code sequences It integrated patcher It also integrated cryptoanalyzer Many disassemblers out there use the output of objdump à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ lida that tries a more serious approach. The several limitations of objdump are broken by using libdisasm and by tracing the execution flow of the program. Further by having the control over the disassembly more features can be included. Everybody who has already worked on some deadlisting will immediate feel a need to work interactive with the code and be able to change it. Therefore lida will have an integrated patcher resolves symbolic names, provides the ability to comment the code, serves efficient browsing methods. The more exotic features of lida should be on the analysis side. The code can be scanned for custom sequences known antidebugging techniques known encryption algorithms also you will be able to directly work with the programs data and for example pass it to several customizable en-/decryption routines. This of course only makes limited sense as it is not a debugger. Tough often I really missed this functionality. Limitations of objdump based disassemblers Usual programs one would like to disassemble are either coded directly in assembly, or use some tricks to avoid beeing disassembled. I will here give a short overview of the most objdump features objdump relies on section headers It is an ELF executable that contains correct section headers. Tough for the OS-loader to run an ELF binary, section headers are not necessary at all. The important thing to get a process loaded into memory are the program headers . So the first common anti disassembling trick is to either drop or manipulate the ELF section headers By doing so, objdump refuses to perform the disassembly: [emailprotected]> file tiny-crackme tiny-crackme: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1, statically linked, corrupted section header size [emailprotected]> objdump -D tiny-crackme objdump: tiny-crackme: File format not recognized The binary I took as example to verify is yanistos tiny-crackme objdump does not trace the execution flow I By not tracing the execution flow objdump can easily be fooled to just disassemble a few lines and stop there. This means it does not recognize any functions, does not see the code which is stored in data sections. objdump does not trace the execution flow Additionally another common trick is to insert garbage opcodes and overjump them to disalign the disassembly from the execution flow. Example: When an instruction jumps into the middle of the next instruction, objdump does not disassemble from this exact location. It will continue with the next instruction and consequently dissasemble garbage from here on. As a result you will mainly see totally usesless instructions in the whole disassembly. . Implementation Details lida uses libdasm of the bastard for single opcode decoding. It does not use the whole environment including the typhoon database. The main program is coded in perl/TK which uses a C backend for the most timeconsuming parts (disassembly, analysis, scanning for strings). Generally lida is designed to be as fast as possible (the disassembly) by trying not to waste all your RAM 🙂 lida is designed to be also efficient in usability. Therefore all important functions are accessible via single keystrokes, or short commands. This means no clicking around is necessary, you can enter your tasks directly into the commandline. The disassembling engine The disassembling is done in currently 4 (or 6) passes, default is all 6: 1st pass is the main control flow disassembly Here the disassembly is started from the executables entrypoint, and recursively disassembles the binary by following each branch, and stepping into each sub- routine. This leads in also disassembling code blocks in data sections, if existent :), so the disassembly is not limited to a .text section. Also, if indirect jumps/calls are used, the final destination is looked up in the binaries data of course 2nd pass for glibc binaries: A heuristic scan scans for the main() function and starts pass1 there (so also re- cursive disassembling) 3rd pass all other code sections This pass repeats pass1 for all found executable sections, and starts at section start. If the binary does not contain section headers, the disassembly starts at the first loaded executable address. 4th pass functions This pass scans for typical function prologues and starts pass1 at each found address. This is for discovering code regions which are not explicitly called, and where their entrypoints are evaluated at runtime. 5th pass disassembling caves All passes build up a map of the binary. If until now there are code regions which were not yet disassembled, they can be now. 6th pass remainders If pass 5 was executed, and there are still caves, they are displayed as DB xx, Definitely for pass 4 and 5 there are enhancements to come, as well as for the recursive disassembly function itself. Also to mention whenever a jump into the middle of a previous instruction is beeing found, currently those addresses are beeing marked. To follow is a representation of instructions within instructions (compare 3.1), as of course by intelligent placing of opcodes both instructions can be valid and used during the execution flow. Signature Scanning Basically it is done by a signature scanning. I quote it because it is not a simple pattern matching. For understanding that, one needs a little understanding of typical hash-encryption algorythms. Lets take for example a MD5 hash. How can we find the code that does an MD5 hash? On a very high level generating a hash is usually done in 3 steps: the init function, the update function and the finalize function. The init function usually sets up an array of some numeric values, which are then modified in a loop using the input data (plain data) during the algorythm, until the hash is calculated. The finalize function creates the representation in a common format (easily spoken; it pads the digest and is appending the size). Hoewever, it does not matter to know actually how the algorythm works to find it 🙂 Due to the common fact, that the initialization functions use fixed numeric initialization values, which are the same in every implementation, as they are part of the algorythm these are the values we are searching for. For MD5 those are: 0x67452301 0xefcdab89 0x98badcfe 0x10325476 So to find an MD5 implementation, it is necessary to scan for those dword values, of course they can appear in any order (strange enough nearly always they are used in the listed order above). Now as those dwords can exist also in just any binary by accident (oltough seldom) some smarter scanning is done: the values need to appear in a limited size of a code block. The values can be in any order, and also some fuzzyness has been added to scan for a little bit altered init values. Heuristic Scanning Heuristic scanning is not yet implemented. It is intended to find custom crypto code. Basically it is beeing looked for a sequence of suspicious opcode sequences, which look like an encryption routine. OllyDbg is an x86debugger that emphasizes binary code analysis, which is useful when source code is not available. It traces registers, recognizes procedures, API calls, switches, tables, constants and strings, as well as locates routines from object files and libraries. According to the programs help file, version 1.10 is the final 1.x release. Version 2.0 is in development and is being written from the ground up. The software is free of cost, but the shareware license requires users to register with the author. The current version of OllyDbg cannot disassemble binaries compiled for 64-bit processors.

Ramification Of Jordan :: essays research papers

Trustworthy Computing Continues to Build Momentum The third year of Microsoft’s long-term commitment saw progress in technology investments, industry leadership and customer guidance. REDMOND, Wash., Jan. 13, 2005 -- Scott Charney wants people to think of using their computer in the same way they think of using their telephone. Scott Charney, vice president, Trustworthy Computing, Microsoft Corp. Not that Charney, vice president of Trustworthy Computing at Microsoft, is trying to advocate voice over other communication choices. Rather, he points out that people will walk up to almost any telephone, pick up the receiver and take for granted that they will get a dial tone. Even though the phone system occasionally fails, people are still confident that they will get a dial tone, their call will be completed, and their conversation will be secure and private. Charney wants people to think about computers in the same way. And that is why Microsoft is full steam ahead on its Trustworthy Computing initiative, which marks three years of progress on January 15. Launched by an internal memo from Chairman and Chief Software Architect Bill Gates in 2002, Trustworthy Computing is a long-term effort to create and deliver secure, private, and reliable computing experiences for everyone. Charney says Microsoft made significant progress in Trustworthy Computing's third year, progress reflected in its technology investments, industry leadership and customer guidance. Even so, he says, Microsoft recognizes there is a long way to go. "Remember that the telephone evolved over several decades to reach today's level of trust; party lines were hardly secure or private," he says. "Computers have reached global ubiquity in only 20 years, but the industry is still maturing, and reliability, security and privacy -- the things that create trust -- are still improving. People recognize the value of computing, but many people still wonder if something bad will happen when they are using their personal computer. "Trust in computing is critical if technology is to deliver on its promise. Microsoft's leadership will hopefully help the industry generate that trust sooner rather than later." Technology Investment and Innovation Trustworthy Online Microsoft offers numerous sites with information, tips and guidance for users, both corporate and consumer, in support of its Trustworthy Computing initiative. These include: Trustworthy Computing: Complete details about this long-term initiative. Security and Privacy Customer Assistance: More detailed information on how to deal with common security and privacy problems. Security and Privacy reference materials: Microsoft Press publishes an extensive selection of books on computer security, privacy and safety issues.

Reliance Fresh Project Reports

â€Å"CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND THEIR BUYING BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS â€Å"RELIANCE FRESH† SUPERMARKETS NEW DELHI, INDIA. † Chapter 1: Introduction Reliance Retail: Retailing is the interface between the producer and the individual consumer buying for personal consumption. This excludes direct interface between the manufacturer and institutional buyers such as the government and other bulk customers. A retailer is one who stocks the producer’s goods and is involved in the act of selling it to the individual consumer, at a margin of profit.As such, retailing is the last link that connects the individual consumer with the manufacturing and distribution chain. The retail industry in India is of late often being hailed as one of the sunrise sectors in the economy. The Indian retail industry is now beginning to evolve in the line with the transformation that has swept other large economies. It witness tremendous growth with the changing demographics and an improvement in the quality of life of urban people.The growing affluence of India’s consuming class, the emergence of the new breed of entrepreneurs and a flood of important products in the food and grocery store, has driven the current retail boom in the domestic market. (Jhamb & Khiran, 2012) AT Kearney, the well-known international management consultancy, recently identified India as the ‘first most attractive retail destination’ globally from among thirty emergent markets. It has made India the cause of a good deal of excitement and the cynosure of many foreign and domestic eyes.The entry of foreign and Indian retail giants like Wal-Mart, Metro, Reliance, Birla, Tata etc. made Indian market more competitive which is at cut throat level. So how retailers can reach to their end customers, to win the mind share and increase the basket size of each shopping trip. (Jhamb & Khiran, 2012) It is expected that by 2016 modern retail industry in India will be worth US$ 175- 200 billion. I ndia retail industry is one of the fastest growing industries with revenue expected in 2007 to amount US$ 320 billion and is increasing at a rate of 5% yearly.A further increase of 7-8% is expected in the industry of retail in India by growth in consumerism in urban areas, rising incomes, and a steep rise in rural consumption. It has further been predicted that the retailing industry in India will amount to US$ 21. 5 billion by 2010 from the current size of US$ 7. 5 billion. The growth of scope in the Indian retail market is mainly due to the change in the consumer’s behaviour. For the new generation have preference towards luxury commodities which have been due to the strong increase in income, changing lifestyle, and demographic patterns which are favourable. Huangyuarong (2011).As the twentieth century has come to and we have moved in to third millennium , we can see many development and changes taking place around us with all the industries and firms within each industry trying to keep pace with all the industries and firm within each industries trying to keep pace with the changes and diverse need of people . Marketer have regarded â€Å"customer† as the king and evolved all activities to satisfy him or her, this concept gaining more momentum and importance today. More than a century ago, the father of our nation, Mahatma Gandhi, had made visionary and deep meaningful statement at Johannesburg, South Africa in 1980.A customer is the most important visitor of our premises. He is not dependent on us . We are dependent on him He is not interruption on our work. He is the purpose of it and not an outsider on our premises. He is a part of it. We are not doing him favour by serving him. (AnithaJulius, 2013) Today the entire firm engaged in a process of creating a life time value and relationship with customers. This report start with discussion on the diversity of consumer behaviour and the need for studying consumer buying behaviour and consumer as a related field of marketing .This can be largely be attributed to the prevailing market situation . Today the company image is built and made known by its customers. Thus success of the firm determined how effective it has been in meeting the diverse consumer need and wants by treating each customer as unique and offering products and services to suit has or her need. (Gupta, 2011) Consumer buying behaviour will be a primary force in determining how this transition will evolve. Getting closer to the customer in today’s highly competitive landscape is essential for the entire industry and is no longer just a retail issue.It requires all organizations across the supply chain to work as a single enterprise, sensing and responding rapidly to consumer demand in a co-ordinate manner. Detailed analysis of the changing patterns of consumer demand, shopping trends. (Gupta, 2011) 1. 1. Background: We can see many examples of businesses where, first we grow and then think of expandi ng but Reliance is quite different. Reliance has developed such huge amount of resources and capital over the years that whenever it steps into any segment it is not required to wait for growing signal, that’s why it always thinks of expanding without any boundaries.Reliance retail is next Step by RIL which will be a pan India project. (â€Å"reliance fresh information,† 2012) Reliance Fresh is the retail chain division of Reliance Industries of India which is headed by Mukesh Ambani. Reliance has entered into this segment by opening new retail stores into almost every metropolitan and regional area of India. Reliance plans to invest Rs 25000 crores in the next 4 years in their retail division and plans to begin retail stores in 784 cities across the country.The Reliance Fresh supermarket chain is RIL’s Rs 25,000 crore venture and it plans to add more stores and eventually have a pan-India footprint by year 2011. The super marts will sell fresh fruits and vegeta bles, staples, groceries, fresh juice bars and dairy products and also will sport a separate enclosure and supply-chain for non-vegetarian products. Besides, the stores would provide direct employment to 5 lakh young Indians and indirect job opportunities to a million people, according to the company. â€Å"reliance fresh information,† 2012) The company is planning on opening new stores with store-size varying from 1,500 sq ft to 3,000 sq ft, which will stock fresh fruits and vegetables, staples, FMCG products and dairy products. Each store is said to be within a radius of 1-2 km of each other, in relation to the concept of a neighbour store. In a dramatic change due circumstances prevailing in UP, West Bengal and Orissa, It was mentioned recently in News Dailies that, Reliance Retail is moving out stocking.Reliance Retail has decided to minimize its exposure in the fruit and vegetable business and position Reliance Fresh as a pure play super market focusing on categories lik e food, FMCG, home, consumer durables, IT, wellness and auto accessories, with food accounting for the bulk of the business. (â€Å"reliance fresh information,† 2012) 1. 2. Reason for study: An intention of this study to clarify and understand the behavior and perception of consumer towards Reliance Fresh and how it impact on today’s retail marketing at New Delhi. 1. 3. Statement of problem:Food and grocery retail sector is one of the fastest growing industries, yet the nature of shopping behavior has not been studied in-depth. This has created a need to identify the aspects influencing these behavior and the patterns that will be followed. Lately, many new retail formats have introduced in New Delhi hence it is crucial for retail stores to understand consumer buying behavior along with their preferred store choice. 1. 4. Research Objective: I. To study consumer buying behavior and their perception at Reliance Fresh customers of New Delhi. II. Too examine the influence of demographic factors on retail purchase behavior.III. Evaluate the consumer trends and their perception towards the new shopping style. 1. 5. Major Research Questions: What are the major factors influencing consumer buying behavior and their buying decision process at Reliance Fresh New Delhi? 1. 6. Assumption: The attitude, perception, and behavior may be different to buy in supermarkets of New Delhi. Reliance fresh should encourage their image, consumer perception, consumer purchasing decision criteria and also should maintain their service quality to make more consumers satisfaction. 1. 7. Scope of the study:The scope of this study focus on consumer behavior and perception on Reliance fresh retail New Delhi which is already established all over in India. But in Delhi its provide the higher level of service for the consumer satisfaction, so there are coming more consumer at Reliance Fresh to buy best quality product into the store. The study to survey the behavior of consumer w ho always buy product from Reliance fresh at the largest famous retail stores at New Delhi, India with questionnaires. 1. 8. Benefit of research: 1. To understand the factor influencing purchasing making decision of product of Reliance Fresh Retail. . To realize how the consumer perceive and behave the buying activities of the stores and consumer perception for the image of Reliance Fresh supermarket. 1. 9. Limitation of research: The research focuses and asks for the mind of consumer (perception and behavior) which is intangible so it is difficult to measure by figure and may have bias answers depend on that situation because normally, Indian People mostly are ashamed to tell the truth. Conceptual Framework Independent variables Dependent variables Location * Customer Buying Behavior Buying decision process Ambiance of the supermarket Quality of products Variety of products Customer services References: AnithaJulius. (2013). Retail Market in India. [online article]. Gupta, M. M. , A. (2011). Consumer Perceptions towards Different Retail Formats in India. Maharishi Markandeshwar University. Huangyuarong. (2011). Consumer Markets and Consumer Buyer Behavior [online article]. Jhamb, D. , & Khiran, R. (2012). Emerging trends of Organized Retailing in India. School of Management & Social Sciences. reliance fresh information. (2012). [online article].

Summary “The Environmental Issue from Hell”

We’re Hot as Hell Is global warming a moral dilemma? Is it the public policy problem from hell? In â€Å"The Environmental Issue from Hell,† Bill McKibben uses many of such phrases en route to arguing for a new approach to global warming. By discussing hell and morals, the reader’s mind is already equating it with two heavily debated issues. Therefore, we begin to question their existence and how we should  deal  with the subjects. McKibben wisely chooses these disputes to represent his main concerns: the ways in which consumerism affects the global ecosystem, and the impact of humans on the environment.McKibben presents a solution on how to handle each of these environmental issues, utilizing both the people and the government. McKibben's point of how consumerism affects the global ecosystem is certainly relatable. With all the new technology forming, global warming has only increased, despite the many efforts to make everything more energy efficient. McKibb en points out that, â€Å"most of us live lives so divorced from the natural world that we hardly notice the changes anyway. (McKibben 747) Choosing the word divorce (which everyone has heard and in some way or another experienced), and also elaborating about parking garages  and air conditioning captivates the reader. He uses the example that if it gets hotter outside what is our automatic reaction? We turn the AC up without contemplation. He explains that these new technologies are not letting us feel the consequences of global warming, causing us to be completely ignorant of it. Related article: †The Proverbs of Administration† SummaryMckibben feels it is subsequently important to make people realize now because, â€Å"By the time the magnitude of the change is truly in our faces, it will be too late to do much about it. â€Å"(747). The author recognizes the delay between the actions we take to lower carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the actual results of it lowering. Due to the outcomes, Mckibben expresses, â€Å"†¦we need to be making the switch to solar  and wind and  hydrogen power  right now to prevent disaster decades away. â€Å" (747), summing up his thought that we need to be making the change to more energy efficient and eco-friendly power before it is too late.Mckibben inaugurates his third paragraph suggesting that we make the environmental issues, â€Å"†the great moral crisis of our time, and the equivalent of the civil rights movement of the 1960s. â€Å"(747). He uses this analogy to explain that in his opinion, we are strip-mining the present and destroying all of whom come after it. Thus, leading him to discuss exactly how humans’ materialistic ways have impacted the earth. From Bangladesh living three months in thigh high-deep water, to polar bears becoming â€Å"20% scrawnier than they were a decade ago† (748).The environmentalist writer goes on to discuss how to deal with global warming since it is indeed creeping up on us. Mckibben once again articulates his repetitive view that, â€Å"it’s a moral question, finally, if you think we owe any debt to the future. † (748). In many circumstances it is believed that if it had been done to us, we would dislike the generation that did it, just as how we will one day be disliked. The solution given in the essay on how to handle these environmental issues is to start a moral campaign.In other words, â€Å"†¦ turn it into a political issue, just as bus boycotts began to make public the issue of race, fo rcing the system to respond. â€Å" (748). As a part of the overall populist causing these issues, Mckibben understands that the hardest part about starting this moral campaign is identifying a villain to overcome. Briefly voicing that Carbon dioxide is the main villain, but you can't be mad at it, only the people responsible, which is us. We often become guilty of only looking through our own perspective lenses.In his eyes, we have fancy technology, unnecessarily big cars, and most importantly ignorance about the environmental world around us. McKibben is asking for us to take a  step  back and look from someone else’s point of view, which as an author is a brilliant idea. He is asking us as the readers to be open-minded and look through someone else’s eyes with the hope that it will be his. Works Cited Mckibben, Bill. â€Å"The Environmental Issue from Hell. † The Mcgraw-Hill Reader. Ed. Gilbert Muller. 11th ed. Boston: Learning Solutions. 2011. 746-49. P rint.

Truman Show essays

Truman Show essays Images are reflection of our perspective, Christof the composer of the reality TV show The Truman Show has his perspective which he had addressed them in the movie. First is the manipulation of people for them to believe in the set issue, and second is to show the perfect imagination world. There are many images created by the both composers of the movie The Truman Show and the novel Galax-Arena. Both of these texts are all about creating fake world and manipulation of people to make them believe in certain things. However there are differences between the two texts as well, the purposes of The Truman Show is to entertain the audiences who watch Trumans reality TV show, to show therefore they have different storylines as well. For example Truman was born t recognize that it was a huge studio. In Galax-Arena, the children were kidnapped and were put in a strange place, which they were made to believe that it is another planet. The two texts also tried to create image which show the same perspective of manipulation t escapes, and Truman was made to be scare of waster, and that he is locked in a huge studio. The similar goal is the idea of manipulating people to believe false reality. For example, Hythe told a lie to Joella that they are in another planer, ...

Research Based Critical Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research Based Critical Review - Essay Example As a commonly known fact, with power, there comes a great amount of responsibilities as well. In case of newspapers, the responsibilities are identified in terms of journalism attitudes and philosophies. Ever since the newspapers have been acting as a key mass media, its prime role can be identified as conveying various political, social, military along with economic facts to its readers. Evident from the historical presence of newspapers behind various revolutions, it becomes apparent that the conveyed facts can easily persuade a mass towards social dilapidation as well as exceptional developments. It thus turns out to be the responsibility of the tabloids to preserve fairness towards the disclosed facts, concentrating on the need of development of the overall humanity rather than signifying the interests of a few (Curran & Seaton, 2009). Based on this ideology, the discussion hereafter will attempt to develop a critical understanding of the role played by â€Å"The Sun†, a r enowned tabloid in the United Kingdom; taking into consideration the degree of power it possesses to persuade the society. Overview of the Newspaper- â€Å"The Sun† The Sun is a daily national newspaper of repute in the United Kingdom. The newspaper tabloid was incepted in the year 1964 that currently covers regional or local news, jobs, sports, business and community events among others. The Sun is owned by an Australian company named News Corporation which is renowned as one of the publicly traded organisations performing its business operations globally (Mondo Code LLC, 2012). The former editor of The Sun, Mr. Sydney Jacobson, considered the newspaper as a radical one in the UK and stated that its ideology predicting that the tabloid would be completely autonomous in functioning as a powerful media channel and will not possess any kind of partiality concerning the political parties or the movements. Furthermore, he also made it distinct that the newspaper would be entirely free in order to employ its own thoughts and activities (BBC, 2005). Since then, The Sun has been playing its role based on the idioms of transparency and impartiality in the British newspaper industry. Role of â€Å"The Sun† As a Tabloid in the Industry The concept of tabloids is principally considered as an aggressive tool that executes sensationalism and provides importance to any issue that arouses public interest. The different events that include scandals, crimes, sports, politics and even economic specifications fall under the categorisation of tabloids. The introduction of tabloids in UK was initially traced in the beginning of the 20th century. In addition, Mr. Rupert Murdoch, the Chairman of News Corporation continued the aspect of tabloidization in print media industry of Britain through The Sun. In general, as can be witnessed in the British Newspaper Industry, the idea of tabloidization has been viewed simply as a media transition rather being a composite phenom enon which is driven by the agenda in relation to public welfare and has been like wisely considered by The Sun. Furthermore, it presents dissimilar cultures as well as lifestyles which

Personal Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Personal Statement - Essay Example This is considering that if I establish myself as a financial expert, business organizations will rely on me to create financial records of their transactions, financial flows, their process for wealth creation and indicate their financial position at a particular time, makes me appreciate the importance of a career in this field. This appreciation influenced me to select a career in this field as I will get to interact with other likeminded individuals and learn more on how to run the world through my practice in the financial sector. In addition to the importance of finance and accounting, the clear logic and advanced mathematics have been areas that fascinate me throughout my academic life. I enjoy not only the advanced mathematics and clear logic practiced in the economic analyses, but also the links that the field shares with social practices and interactions engaged in financial industry in the modern world. The course that cemented my interest in this field of study is Interna tional Economics and Trade, which raised in me a particular interest in macroeconomics. My desire to continue with my studies at a MBA level was further stimulated by the lectures on Financial Hot Issues. I hope to keep on building my knowledge in these areas through the courses you offer in your esteemed university. Presently, I am on my final year of studies, where I am taking International Economics and Trade at the University. This course has provided me with great understanding of the applications and principles of international economics and I believe that I am prepared to face the future complexities of the world economy. Additionally, during my undergraduate studies, I further developed an interest in accounting and finance. As I have done accounting and finance as part of my International Economics and Trade course, I find a Masters degree in these field a necessary addition to my knowledge of how business organizations handle their financial responsibilities. My desire is to learn finance not only as part of International Economics and Trade, but also as a field, that covers both international transactions and business practices within the country. MBA in financial related field will establish me as a financial and accounting expert both in international and domestic business. Therefore, I would like to increase my professional potential in Finance related field by pursuing Master studies at your University. Through the university website, I was excited to learn about the excellent Master programme that your university offers. I believe that the course structure will offer me a robust footing on the pertinent theoretical and quantitative skills to cultivate my personal capability, inventiveness, and other key skills that are sought after by future employers. These courses will give me an edge over others in the financial field since the courses and exposure that your institution offers its students have the ability to develop an expert who is compete nt in the field of practice. Besides, graduates from your institution can use the acquired knowledge and skills to handle not only the areas that one has studied, but also emergent issues in the financial sector to solve financial problems that business organization experience. Furthermore, MBA in finance from your university will afford me a valuable understanding of the western approach to economics, which is treasured by Chinese proprietors who are